Read a file in reverse

Write a Python program to print the lines of a file in reverse order, and the whole text reversed.

third
second
first
driht
dnoces
tsrif

Approach

1. reversed(lines) for line order; [::-1] for characters.

Solution

with open("story.txt", "w") as f:    f.write("first\nsecond\nthird\n") with open("story.txt") as f:    lines = f.read().splitlines()for line in reversed(lines):    print(line)print("\n".join(lines)[::-1])

third
second
first
driht
dnoces
tsrif

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Move the cursor with seek()

Write a Python program to move the cursor to a specific position in a file.

Python
Hello

Approach

1. seek(n) moves to byte n; reading continues from there.

Solution

with open("story.txt", "w") as f:    f.write("Hello Python\n") with open("story.txt") as f:    f.seek(6)    print(f.read().strip())    f.seek(0)    print(f.read(5))

Python
Hello

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Cursor position with tell()

Write a Python program to find the current cursor position in a file.

0
5

Approach

1. tell() returns the position in bytes from the start.

Solution

with open("story.txt", "w") as f:    f.write("Hello Python\n") with open("story.txt") as f:    print(f.tell())    f.read(5)    print(f.tell())

0
5

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Count special characters in a file

Write a Python program to count special characters (not letters, digits or whitespace) in a file.

5

Approach

1. Count characters that are neither alphanumeric nor whitespace.

Solution

with open("story.txt", "w") as f:    f.write("Email: asha@sqatools.in! #python\n") with open("story.txt") as f:    print(sum(1 for ch in f.read() if not ch.isalnum() and not ch.isspace()))

5

Line by line

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Count digits in a file

Write a Python program to count the digits in a file.

12

Approach

1. sum(ch.isdigit() for ch in text).

Solution

with open("story.txt", "w") as f:    f.write("Order 4521 shipped on 2026-11-02\n") with open("story.txt") as f:    print(sum(ch.isdigit() for ch in f.read()))

12

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Count lowercase letters in a file

Write a Python program to count lowercase letters in a file.

14

Approach

1. sum(ch.islower() for ch in text).

Solution

with open("story.txt", "w") as f:    f.write("Learn Python At SQA Tools\n") with open("story.txt") as f:    print(sum(ch.islower() for ch in f.read()))

14

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Count uppercase letters in a file

Write a Python program to count uppercase letters in a file.

7

Approach

1. sum(ch.isupper() for ch in text).

Solution

with open("story.txt", "w") as f:    f.write("Learn Python At SQA Tools\n") with open("story.txt") as f:    print(sum(ch.isupper() for ch in f.read()))

7

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Count characters in a file

Write a Python program to count the characters in a file, with and without whitespace.

All characters: 21
Without whitespace: 16

Approach

1. len(text) and a count of non-whitespace characters.

Solution

with open("story.txt", "w") as f:    f.write("Python is fun\nTry it\n") with open("story.txt") as f:    text = f.read()print("All characters:", len(text))print("Without whitespace:", sum(1 for ch in text if not ch.isspace()))

All characters: 21
Without whitespace: 16

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Merge two files

Write a Python program to read two files and write their contents into a new file.

Hello from part 1
Hello from part 2

Approach

1. Open the output once and copy each input into it.

Solution

with open("part1.txt", "w") as f:    f.write("Hello from part 1\n")with open("part2.txt", "w") as f:    f.write("Hello from part 2\n") with open("merged.txt", "w") as out:    for name in ["part1.txt", "part2.txt"]:        with open(name) as f:            out.write(f.read())print(open("merged.txt").read())

Hello from part 1
Hello from part 2

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Characters of a file into a list

Write a Python program to extract the characters (not spaces or newlines) of a file into a list.

['s', 'q', 'a', 't', 'o', 'o', 'l', 's', 'p', 'y']

Approach

1. Keep characters that are not whitespace.

Solution

with open("word.txt", "w") as f:    f.write("sqa tools\npy\n") with open("word.txt") as f:    print([ch for ch in f.read() if not ch.isspace()])

['s', 'q', 'a', 't', 'o', 'o', 'l', 's', 'p', 'y']

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