List everything in a folder

Write a Python program to list all the files and folders in a target path.

['a.txt', 'b.csv', 'sub']

Approach

1. os.listdir() returns names; sort them for a stable order.

Solution

import os os.makedirs("target/sub", exist_ok=True)for name in ["a.txt", "b.csv"]:    open(os.path.join("target", name), "w").close()print(sorted(os.listdir("target")))

['a.txt', 'b.csv', 'sub']

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Count files in a folder

Write a Python program to count the files in a target path.

3

Approach

1. Count entries that are files.

Solution

import os os.makedirs("target/sub", exist_ok=True)for name in ["a.txt", "b.csv", "c.txt"]:    open(os.path.join("target", name), "w").close()count = sum(1 for n in os.listdir("target") if os.path.isfile(os.path.join("target", n)))print(count)

3

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Count folders in a folder

Write a Python program to count the folders in a target path.

3

Approach

1. os.scandir gives entries with is_dir().

Solution

import os for d in ["one", "two", "three"]:    os.makedirs(os.path.join("target", d), exist_ok=True)open(os.path.join("target", "file.txt"), "w").close()with os.scandir("target") as entries:    print(sum(1 for e in entries if e.is_dir()))

3

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Is there a folder at a path?

Write a Python program to check whether a directory exists at a given path.

data True
nowhere False
data/x.txt False

Approach

1. os.path.isdir().

Solution

import os os.makedirs("data", exist_ok=True)for p in ["data", "nowhere", "data/x.txt"]:    print(p, os.path.isdir(p))

data True
nowhere False
data/x.txt False

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Remove a folder that is not empty

Write a Python program to remove a directory that contains files.

False

Approach

1. shutil.rmtree() deletes a folder and everything inside it.

Solution

import osimport shutil os.makedirs("full_dir/sub", exist_ok=True)open("full_dir/sub/a.txt", "w").close()shutil.rmtree("full_dir")print(os.path.exists("full_dir"))

False

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Join two paths

Write a Python program to join two paths.

reports\2026\summary.txt
reports\2026\summary.txt

Approach

1. os.path.join uses the right separator for the OS.

Solution

import osfrom pathlib import Path print(os.path.join("reports", "2026", "summary.txt"))print(Path("reports") / "2026" / "summary.txt")

reports\2026\summary.txt
reports\2026\summary.txt

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Is there a file at a path?

Write a Python program to check whether a file exists at a given path.

sample.txt True
missing.txt False
. False

Approach

1. os.path.isfile() is True only for existing files.

Solution

import os open("sample.txt", "w").close()for p in ["sample.txt", "missing.txt", "."]:    print(p, os.path.isfile(p))

sample.txt True
missing.txt False
. False

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Create 10 nested folders

Write a Python program to create 10 directories nested inside each other.

10 True

Approach

1. Join 10 names into one path and call os.makedirs once.

Solution

import os path = os.path.join("nested", *[f"level{i}" for i in range(1, 11)])os.makedirs(path, exist_ok=True)print(path.count(os.sep), os.path.isdir(path))

10 True

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Remove an empty folder

Write a Python program to remove an empty directory with os.rmdir().

False

Approach

1. rmdir only removes empty folders.

Solution

import os os.makedirs("empty_dir", exist_ok=True)os.rmdir("empty_dir")print(os.path.exists("empty_dir"))

False

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Create 10 folders with random names

Write a Python program to create 10 directories with random names.

10 ['dissyk', 'dwtgml', 'fkaflm']

Approach

1. Build random names with random.choices and create each folder.

Solution

import osimport randomimport string random.seed(1)os.makedirs("random_dirs", exist_ok=True)for _ in range(10):    name = "".join(random.choices(string.ascii_lowercase, k=6))    os.makedirs(os.path.join("random_dirs", name), exist_ok=True)print(len(os.listdir("random_dirs")), sorted(os.listdir("random_dirs"))[:3])

10 ['dissyk', 'dwtgml', 'fkaflm']

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